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Anthony John "Tony" Abbott (born 4 November 1957) is an Australian politician who was the 28th Prime Minister of Australia from 18 September 2013 to 15 September 2015. Abbott was leader of the Liberal Party from 2009 to 2015, and has been a Member of Parliament for Warringah since 1994. Abbott was born in London to an Australian mother and a British father, and immigrated to Sydney with his parents in 1960. Prior to entering Parliament, he took the degrees of Bachelor of Economics and Bachelor of Laws at the University of Sydney, then graduated Bachelor of Arts in philosophy, politics and economics as a Rhodes Scholar at The Queen's College, Oxford. He later proceeded by seniority to Master of Arts.〔 After graduating, Abbott trained as a Roman Catholic seminarian, later working as a journalist, manager and political adviser. In 1992, he was appointed director of Australians for Constitutional Monarchy, a position he held until his election to Parliament in 1994. He was first appointed to Cabinet following the 1998 election, as part of the Second Howard Ministry, becoming Minister for Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business. In 2003, he became Minister for Health and Ageing, retaining this position until the defeat of the Howard Government at the 2007 election. Initially serving in the Shadow Cabinets of Brendan Nelson and then Malcolm Turnbull, he resigned from the frontbench in November 2009 in protest against Turnbull's support for the Rudd Government's proposed Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Forcing a leadership ballot on the subject, Abbott defeated Turnbull by 42 votes to 41 to become the party's leader and Leader of the Opposition. Abbott led the Coalition at the 2010 election, which resulted in a hung parliament. Following negotiations, Labor formed a Government with the support of one Greens MP and three Independent MPs. Abbott was re-elected as Liberal Leader unopposed. He went on to lead the Coalition to victory at the 2013 election and was sworn in as the 28th Prime Minister of Australia on 18 September 2013. On 14 September 2015, he was defeated in a vote for the Liberal leadership (54 votes to 44) by Malcolm Turnbull, who replaced him as prime minister the following day.〔(Abbott v Turnbull: Tony bows out as ‘revolving door’ swings shut - The Australian 15 September 2015 )〕 ==Early life and family== Abbott was born in London, United Kingdom, on 4 November 1957, to an Australian mother, Fay Abbott (née Peters),〔("Last piece of the puzzle" ), ''Sydney Morning Herald'', 1 September 2012; retrieved 14 September 2013.〕 who was born in Sydney, and a British father, Richard Henry "Dick" Abbott, born in Newcastle upon Tyne and raised in a nearby village. In 1940, during World War II,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Search & Retrieve – Record Search – National Archives of Australia )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Hon Tony Abbott MP, Member for Warringah (NSW) – Parliament of Australia: House of Representatives biography )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/qanda/txt/s2662017.htm )〕 16-year-old Dick came to Australia with his British parents. The first of Abbott's ancestors to arrive in Australia was his maternal great-grandmother, Willemina Bredschneijder, who immigrated to Australia from the Netherlands in 1912 with her five-year-old son, Anthony Peters (Abbott's future grandfather). His maternal grandmother, Phyllis Lacey, was born in Wales.〔(RACIAL HATRED BILL 1994 Second Reading ) "I have one paternal grandfather from England and a maternal grandfather from Holland, yet I do not believe I should say that I am a Dutch Australian or an Anglo-Australian, simply an Australian."〕 After the war, Dick Abbott returned to the UK where he met and married Peters, a dietitian. On 7 September 1960, the Abbott family left the UK for Australia〔(North Coast Voices, 7 December 2011 ); Retrieved 14 September 2013〕 on the Assisted Passage Migration Scheme ship ''Oronsay''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://naa12.naa.gov.au/scripts/SearchOld.asp?O=I&Number=7328488 ) NAA citation "NAA: A1877, 07/09/1960 ORONSAY ABBOTT R H" item barcode 7328488.〕 The family first lived in Bronte and later moved to Chatswood, both suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. Dick Abbott established what was to become one of the largest orthodontics practices in Australia,〔 retiring in 2002.〔(Family Care Orthodontists ); Retrieved 14 September 2013〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tony Abbott」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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